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| xdgêwPd, ciêxdkËeqZw I bxqY Gxmtwt iwxKêd oikdyxZ
| oóeÞxZ Harvard International Review dwiK GKxU ex¢Kwt oRyg ItwËRb Rt I Kwlê ÌR xoIhwË~w (Carl J. Ciovacco) xiËl GKxU xdgìc xlËLËQd„ Qwew pËtËQ 19 dËh¹k 2008 ZwxkËL„ (ÌbLÖd, http:/ www.harvardir.org / articles/1784/)„
Ìj oiËt ÌlLwxU Qwew pËtËQ, gwvlwËbËmk xdgêwPËdk oit, xgPwk KkËl LÖgB †kØZòeÔYê„ gwvlwËbËm GLd Ìj xdgêwPdy kwRdyxZ PlËQ ZwËK xKhwËg owRwËdw pËtËQ gw pËâQ ÌoUw ÌgwSwk Rdø GB ÌlLwxU erw I ÌgwSw †kØZòeÔYê„ Zw Qwrw Awxi oRyg ItwËRb RtËKI gÖSËZ PwB„ Ìgm KËtK gQk AwËM xZxd jLd ÌbËm xfkxQËld ZLd Z^wk xgkØ˦ dwdwd eÞPwkYw PËlxQl„ Awxi Zw xdëbw KËkxQ„ xgËmnZ ÌmL pwxodw xdËRk ‘WwBËdxýU’ eÞxZÅw KkËZ Pwd GB Aegwb xbËt kwRdyxZËZ RËtk oºwgø hÓxiKwËK dÄ Kkgwk GKUw ZuekZw AwItwiy lyËMk AhøìæËkB Zuek xQl„ ‘iwdgRxid’ ex¢Kwt Qwew Awiwk g£ßgø xQl ÌowRw„ Rt jxb gwvlwËbËmk dwMxkK xpmwËg ÌKwd Agbwd kwLËZ Pwd, GUw Z^wk AxcKwk„ (Awmw Kxk xZxd GLdI gwvlwËbËmk dwMxkK kËtËQd, iwxKêd dwMxkK pdxd)„ xZxd ÌmL pwxodwk eÖ¢ xKvgw ÌmL iÖxRgÖk kpiwËdk dwxZ GUw Zwk Ìbwn gw Aekwc dt„ kwRÐdxZK exkgwËkk oìæwd xpËoËg Z^wk GKUw MÞpYËjwMøZw AwËMB ÑZxk pËt awKw þñwhwxgK„ ÌoUwI Z^wk Ìbwn dt„ Zw Qwrw AwItwiy lyM gÙ¦ I ÌeÞ#sËbk hwËk þÿxgk„ ÌoLwËd ZkØYkw oPlZw AwdËZ ewËkd„ GKxU kwRÐdxZK exkgwËkk oìæwd pËt Rt xgËbËm byNêxbd ÌaËK Ky xmLËld, Ky RwdËld ÌoUw Rwdwk AwMÞp AËdËKkB AwËQ„ AwxiI gøxZ¢ßi dB„ ÌlLwxU eËr Awxi gÖËSxQ oìèwËok xgkØ˦ jÖ˦k Ìj dyxZ iwxKêd ekkwÄÛdyxZ gwþægwtd KkËQ, AwItwiy lyMËK xbËt oRyg ItwËRb Rt ÌoB dyxZB gwþægwtd Kkwk Kaw glËQd„ Z^wk kwRdyxZ oóeËKê Awiwk cwkYw AwËkw þeÄ pËtËQ„ xZxd ÌNwnYw xbËtËQd, gwvlwËbËmk GKiw¢ kwRÐdxZK KZêgø gw Z^wk hwnwt 'A Secular Plan' pËâQ Bolwxi kwRdyxZk gw Z^wk hwnwt ‘BolwxiRi’ ÌVKwËZ gwvlwËbËm exkeÔYê jÖ˦ ÌdËi erw„ KwkY jwËK xdËt gw ÌjLwËd xZxd ÌlLwxU ÌQËeËQd ZwËZ exkûKwk iwxKêd oìèwo I jÖ˦k AcyËd ÂcÖ dt, GidxK oìèwoxgËkwcy owixkK eÞxZÅwd†Ëlwk opwtZwt xZxd Z^wk exkKùedw gwþægwxtZ Kkgwk Kaw hwgËQd„ (xKvgw Z^wËK xbËt iwxKêd owiÛwRøgwb GB KwRxUB KxkËt xdËZ PwBËQ)„ AwMwiy xdgêwPËd AwItwiy iøwxdËfËýUw xpmwËg Awikw GB ÌlLwxU ewV KkËZ ewxk„ RtËK cdøgwb xbËZ pt KwkY AwMwiy xbËd AwItwiy lyËMk kwRdyxZ Ky pËZ jwËâQ Zwk AwMwi diÖdw xZxd AwiwËbk RwxdËtËQd„
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x§Zyt KwkY pËâQ Rt GKlw dd, oËŠ AwËkKRd ÌlLK AwËQd„ AwItwiy lyËMk ÌeÞxoËWËëUk DeËbÄw xpmwËg xlLËl ÌlLwxU Zwk GKwk pItwB gw˜dyt xQl„ gøx£ß xpmwËg xZxd Agmø Ìj KwËkw oËŠB Ìj#a ÌlLw xlLËZ ewËkd„ ZËg AwItwiy lyËMk ÌeÞxoËWËëUk DeËbÄw xpmwËg Adø ÌKwd DeËbÄw gw AwItwiy lyËMk dyxZxdcêwkYy ejêwËtk KwËkw oËŠ xlLËl ÌoUw hwËlw ÌbLwZ„ xKìç RËtk ÌlLwk oŠy Kwlê xoIhwË~wk exkPËt glw pËâQ, xZxd GKRd MËgnK Ggv Zwk owóeÞxZK MËgnYw xaxoo pËâQ AwlKwËtbwk ‘MYiwcøi ov¢ßwìæ ýUÛøwËUxR’„ iwxKêd jÖ£ßkwËÄÛk oìèwoxgËkwcy jÖ˦k AwËlwËK AwlKwËtbwk xgkØ˦ Zaø I MËgnYwk KwR GUw„ xZxd GB xaxooxU xlËLËQd okwoxk iwxKêd Ìodw xmqweÞxZÅwd IËtýU eËtËëUk (West Point) GKxU xgËmn MËgnYw ÌKËëbÛk Rdø„ ÌKëbÛxUk dwi Combating Terrorism Center at West Point„ iwxKêd Ìodwgwxpdy ZwËbk xmqweÞxZÅwËd owixkK hwËg oìèwogwb ÌiwKwxglwk Rdø jwËbk xmqw Ìbt Ggv ÌoLwËd jwkw MËgnYw KËk ZwËbkB GKRd GB ÌlLwxUk oËŠ RxrZ„ oìèwogwb ÌiwKwxglwk Rdø iwxKêd owixkK dyxZ I ÌK#mËlk oËŠ ÌlLwxUk oŠxZ ÌgwSwgwk RdøB bÖBRËdk ÌlLw xpmwËg ÌlLwxU ptËZw Qwew pËtËQ„ jwËZ ÌgwSwËdw jwt ÌmL pwxodwk kwRdyxZ iwxKêd oìèwogwb ÌiwKwxglwk owixkK kwRdyxZk oËŠ NxdÅ hwËgB RxrZ„ ÌoB hwËg ÌlLwxU ergwk oÖËjwM kËtËQ AgmøB„ Awikw ÌoB hwËgB ÌlLwxUËK ewVKËbk erËZ glg„ ÌlLwxUËK jËaÄ †kØZò ÌbItw Qwrw MZøìæk dwB„ GUwI ewVKËbk Rwdw †kØZòeÔYê Ìj Kwlê xoIhwË~w GKRd iwxKêd Ìodw KiêKZêw„ xZxd BkwK I Ìo#xb AwkËg iwxKêd ÌodwbwxtËZò KiêkZ xQËld„
bxqY Gxmtwt iwxKêd owixkK dyxZ I ÌK#mËlk oËŠ GB AxhdíZw ÌmL pwxodwk xdRþñ dwxK AwItwiy lyËMk kwRdyxZ, ÌoUw xhdí hwËg xgPwk Kkwk bkKwk AwËQ„ Awxi GK iËd Kxk dw„ AwItwiy lyËMk Rdø GB dyxZ xgeËbk KwkY pËg„ Awxi GLwËd ÌoB xbËK eÞËgm KkËgw dw„ ÌmL pwxodw 1996 owËl jLd qiZwt GËoxQËld ZLd xZxd ekkwÄÛyt oóeËKêk ÌqË¢ Ìj hÖl kwRdyxZ KËkËQd, ÌoB xgnËt Awxi Gk AwËM xlËLxQ„ jwk exkYxZ pËtËQ 2001 owËl Z^wk ekwRt„ ÌbLw jwËâQ, ÌoB GKB f^wb ÌaËK xZxd ÌgxkËt AwËod xd„ gkv xdËRËK Ggv GKB oËŠ AwItwiy lyËMk kwRdyxZËK xZxd xgeŒdK xghwRËdk RwtMwt ÌVËl xbËâQd„ Awiwk GB ÌlLwxU ergwk AwËM ewVKËbk Awxi AÖdËkwc Kkg 2004 owËl Awiwk ÌlLw ‘AKwjêKk kwÄÛ I DeipwËbËmk kwRdyxZ eÞoËŠ KËtKxU Kaw’ xmËkwdwËi ÌlLwxU Ìjd btw KËk eËr kwËLd„ ZwpËl Awiwk g£ßgø gÖSËZ opR pËg„ ÌlLwxU ‘owiÛwRøgwb’ dwËi eÞKwxmZ gBËt kËtËQ„ AwItwiy lyËMk hwkZeìÿy kwRdyxZk oËŠ GB iwxKêd owixkK ovËjwËMk gøwewkxU Gid ÌKwd AwKxþôK NUdw dt, jxb Awikw iËd kwxL RwdÖtwxk 1995 owl ÌaËK hwkZ I jÖ£ßkwËÄÛk iËcø eÞxZkqw oóeKê MËr ÌZwlwk Rdø Ìj DËbøwM ÂkØ pËtxQl ÌoUw BËZwiËcø eÞxZkqw, xdkwe£w I ÌMwËtëbw KiêKw¡ov¢ßwìæ opËjwxMZwk exkYZ kÕe exkMÞpY KËkËQ„ GB xgnËtI Awxi Gk AwËM xlËLxQ„ ZËg j^wkw AwËkw RwdËZ Pwd Z^wkw hwkZyt bÔZwgwËok GB xlvKUw AwewZZ eËr kwLËZ ewËkd„ (http://www.indianembassy.org/ press_release/2005/June/ 3.htm)/://
ZÚZyt Ìj KwkËY G ÌlLwxU †kØZòeÔYê ÌoUw Ìpwl pwhêwWê BdUwkËdmdwl xkxhD Z^wËK xgxhdí oiËt AwItwiy lyËMk ‘Key Negotiatior' xpmwËgI exkPt KxkËtËQ„ xZxd AwItwiy lyËMk eËq dwdwd oiËt dwdw mx£ß gw eËqk oËŠ Ìbdbkgwk Kkgwk ÌqË¢ oRyg ItwËRb Rt AZøìæ †kØZòeÔYê hÓxiKw ÌkËLËQd gËl Zwkw gËlËQ„ xgËmnZ GUwI glw pËtËQ, ‘gwvlwËbËmk gZêiwd owixkK okKwËkk’ oËŠI oRyg ItwËRb Rt ÌbdbkgwËkk ÌqË¢ eÞcwd hÓxiKw ewld KËkËQd„ ex¢KwxU gZêiwd okKwkËK Z£òwgcwtK okKwk gËlxd, gËlËQ ‘owixkK okKwk’„ xZxd xVK Ky Ìbdbkgwk KËkËQd ÌoUw glw ptxd„ ZËg Rt Z^wk göËM ÌodweÞcwd iBd BD AwpËiËbk oËŠ ÌbLw I KawgwZêw gËlËQd ÌoB oóeËKê xlËLËQd„ Z^wk ÌlLwt exkûKwk Ìj xZxd ÌodweÞcwd iBd BD AwpËibËK eQëbB KËkËQd„ AwItwiy lyËMk eËq ‘Ky ÌdËMwxmËtUk’ xpmwËg Z^wk GB owqwu jËaÄ AwËlwxPZ Ggv j^wkw GB owqwËZk gøgþÿw KËkËQd Z^wkwI KiËgxm exkxPZ„ gZêiwd owixkK okKwËkk oËŠ Z^wk GB ÌbdbkgwËkk Kaw Ìgm flwI KËkB Z^wk exkxPxZËZ glw pËtËQ„ (ÌbLÖd, http://www.sajeeb.blogspot.com/)„ owixkK okKwËkk oËŠ Ìbdbkgwk Kkgwk oËŠ ÌlLwt Ìj dyxZ gwþægwtËdk Kaw glw pËtËQ, Zwk eÞxZfld KËZwUw NËUËQ Awikw Rwxd dw„ xKìç GB KwkËYI ÌlLwxU †kØZòeÔYê„
PZ×aê KwkY pËâQ, Awiwk Awmw, GB ÌlLwxUk ek, AwItwiy lyM ÌeÞxoËWËëUk GB ZkØY DeËbÄwk eÞþæwg Awk AwItwiy lyËMk AwMwxi kwRdyxZ Ìj oiwaêK pËg dw gw RwZyt þñwËaê oiwaêK pËZ ewËk dw, AwItwiy lyËMk ÌbmËeÞxiK ÌdZwKiêykw ÌoUw Delx³ KkËgd„ GB Agþÿwd ÌaËK Axgl˹ Z^wËbk bÔkZò gRwt kwLwk Iek AwMwxi xdgêwPËd Z^wËbk ÌhwU ewItw dw ewItw AËdKwvËmB xdhêk KkËZ ewËk„ AwItwiy lyËMk iËcø AgmøB MYZwxìèK I eÞMxZmyl lrwB-ovMÞwËik cwkw kËtËQ„ ÌoB cwkw ÌM#kËgk, ÌoB cwkw AwiwËbk iÖx£ßjÖ˦k oËŠ RxrZ„ oRyg ItwËRb Rt ‘ciêxdkËeq’ kwRdyxZk Ìj cwkw gwvlwËbËm eÞËtwM KkËZ PwBËQd Zw AwbËZ BolwixgËkwcy iwxKêd oikdyxZ„ GB ewaêKø cxkËt Ìbgwk RdøB GB ÌlLw„ ÂkØËZ AZGg ciêxdkËeqZwk bÖB cwkwk Iek xKQÖ AwËlwKewZ Kkw jwK„
ciêxdkËeqZwk bÖB cwkw
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AxgËâQbø KawxUk xdËP Awxi bwM ÌUËdxQ, KwkY eÞwtB ‘ciêxdkËeqZw’ËK GK xbËK BxZpwo-xdkËeq hwËg xgiÔZê gw pwItwB Kwtbwt gøgpwk Kkw pt, Adø xbËK GËK JexdËgxmKZw I owiÛwRøgwËbk xgkØ˦ MYZwxìèK lrwB-ovMÞwËik eÞx¢ßtw gw MYZwxìèK kwÄÛ MVËdk lrwB ÌaËK Awlwbw gøwewk gËl MYø Kkw pt„ Ìjid, jxb Awikw MYZËìèB xgmðwo Kxk Ggv MYZwxìèK kwÄÛ KwËti I MYZìè PPêwB AwiwËbk eÞcwd kwRÐdxZK Awbmê pt ZwpËl MYZËìèk cwkYwk iËcøB ÌZw ciêxdkËeqZwk cwkYw AìæhÖê£ß„ MYZìè ÌaËK Awlwbw KËk xhdí GKxU cwkYw xpmwËg ‘ciêxdkËeqZw’ËK pwxRk Kkwk KwkY Ky? Gk kwRdyxZUw xK ZwpËl MYZìè ÌaËK Awlwbw? Gk DË¥møB gw Ky?
ÌbLw jwt, GK xbËK kËtËQ e¦xZMZ iÖmxKl GKxU Awbmê gw xPìæwk cwkwËK BxZpwo ÌaËK xgxâQdí, xgxq® gw Awlwbw hwËg xgPwËkk h×l e¦xZ, Adø xbËK kËtËQ ÌKwd GKxU xPìæw, cwkYw gw AwbmêËK Z£òMZ hwËg cwkY Kkw gw owixMÞK hwËg ÌgwSwk AqiZw„ GB bÖËUw iwkwZôK oioøw kËt xMËtËQ AwiwËbk kwRdyxZ I kwRÐdxZK PPêwt„ Gk fËl ciêxdkËeqZwk eq-xgeËqk QÖZwt AwiwËbk oiwËR Ìj htwgp xghx£ß, ovNnê I oìèwËok exkxþÿxZ ÑZxk pËtËQ Zwk ÌMwrwt kËtËQ AwiwËbk Pki gÖx¦gÙx£K AqiZw„ ZwkB AxheÞKwm gwvlwËbËmk kwRdyxZk bÖB eÞxZxpvowekwtY cwkw„ AwR GB xghwRd gÉ eÞwY I k£ß xbËt ARêd Kkw gwvlwËbËmk AxþæËZòk Rdø ÉixK pËt DËVËQ„ kwRÐdxZK bl†ËlwËK XwlwI ÌbwnwËkwe Kkgwk AwËM GB AqiZw Awikw xKhwËg gÖx¦gÙx£K hwËg KwxUËt DVg ÌoB xbKUw xdËtB AwËM hwgËZ pËg„
e¦xZMZ iÖmxKl oóeËKê xKQÖ Kaw glw jwK„ ‘ciêxdkËeqZw’k lrwBËK MYZwxìèK lrwB-ovMÞwËik BxZpwo ÌaËK xgxâQdí KËk ÌoÛf kwÄÛ ÌaËK ciê Awlwbw awK×K glËl xKQÖB ÌgwSw jwt dw„ MYiwdÖËnk oxZøKwËkk BxZpwo ÌaËK xgxâQdí GB AÐdxZpwxoK ‘ciêxdkËeqZw’gwby kwRdyxZ oxZøKwËkk ciêxdkËeq oóeÔYê xgekyZ cwkw„ Gk Pxk¢ AwMwËMwrwt eÞxZx¢ßtwmyl, MYxgËkwcy, JexdËgxmK I owiÛwRøgwby„ GB KwËl GB cwkwB RRê gÖËmk oìèwoxgËkwcy jÖ¦ I ÌZËlk Rdø BkwK I AwfMwxdþæwd bLl KËk ÌdItwk eÞcwd kwRÐdxZK iZwbmê„ xfxlxþæxd RdMYËK AxcKwkpwkw KËk kwLËZ pËl Bolwi iw¢B ggêk I oìèwoy GB Z£ò eÞiwY Kkw RkØxk pËt eËr„ ‘ciêxdkËeqZw’k kwRdyxZËK ekËbm bLËlk KwËR okwoxk gøgpwk Kkw pËtËQ Ggv pËâQ„ xgËmnZ BolwieÞcwd Ìbm†ËlwËZ BolwËik xgkØ˦ AeeÞPwk Ggv GKxU ggêk I oìèwoy ciê xpmwËg ciêxdkËeqZwk xgekyËZ BolwiËK eÞxZþÿwxeZ KËk RRê gÖËmk ÌdZÚËZò xgmðgøwey Ìj ‘¢ß×ËoW’ ÂkØ pËtËQ GB xgekyZ cwkw ÌoB ¢ß×ËoËWkB iZwbmê„ Gk owkKaw pËâQ BDËkwe xLÛÄyt oiwR, kwÄÛ I cËiêk Ìj kwRÐdxZK I owvÆÚxZK kÕe Lwrw KËkËQ ÌoUwB MYZwxìèK kwËÄÛk GKiw¢ kÕe gw iËWl„ AaP BDËkwe ciêxdkËeqZwk lrwB KËkËQ owiìæËmÛYyËK qiZw ÌaËK DuLwZ Kkwk Rdø„ ÌmwnK I xdeyrËKk xgkØ˦ ÌmwxnZ I xdjêwxZËZk AxcKwk eÞxZÅwk Rdø„ GLwËdB Zwk iËiêk xbK„ xMRêw gw PwPê xQl owiìæËmÛYyk kwRÐdxZK mx£ßk ÌKëbÛ„ ciêxhx£K kwËÄÛk eÙÅËewnK owiìæ ÌmÛYyk xgkØ˦ ÌmwxnZ, xdjêwxZZ I AxcKwkpwkw iwdÖn BDËkwËe Ìj kwRÐdxZK xgeög KËkËQ, ÌoB gÖËRêwtw MYZwxìèK xgeöËgk flwfl xpmwËg MYZwxìèK kwÄÛ MËr DËVËQ„ ciêËK ÌmwnKkw ÌjhwËg gøwLøw KËkËQ ÌmwxnZ I xdeyxrZ ÌmÛYyk lrwBËt ÌoB GKB cËiêk gøwLøw pËtËQ xhdí hwËg„ GUw xQl ÌmÛYyk xgkØ˦ ÌmÛYyk lrwB„ BDËkwËe ciêxdkËeqZwk lrwB cËiêk xgkØ˦ exkPwxlZ pt xd, ciê, oiwR I kwËÄÛk oóeKê xdYêËtk eÞmí xpmwËg Zwk oiwcwd Kkw pËtËQ„ MYZwxìèK lrwB-ovMÞwi ÌaËK GËK xgxâQdí KËk ÌbLwk oÖËjwM dwB„ BDËkwËek GB xgËmn BxZpwoËK AþñyKwk KkwkI bkKwk dwB, xKìç Zwk HxZpwxoK ejêwËlwPdwk eÞËtwRd AwËQ„ xKìç jLd GUwB GKiw¢ iËWl xpmwËg PwxeËt Ìbgwk ÌPÄw PËl, ZLd ÌoUw AwiwËbk iËZw ÌbËm xdeyrËKk pwxZtwk pËt IËV„
cwkYwMZ AeÔYêZwk xbK Ky? MYZwxìèK kwÄÛ ÌjËpZÖ ciêZË£òk xhx£ËZ MVd Aoºg ZLd MYZwxìèK kwÄÛ iw¢B ciêxdkËeq kwÄÛ„ kwÄÛ jxb MYZwxìèK pt ZwËK Awlwbw KËk ‘ciêxdkËeq’ kwÄÛ glwk ÌKwdB eÞËtwRd eËr dw„ jLd MYZìè I ciêxdkËeqZwËK Awlwbw Awlwbw KËk glwk eÞËtwRd eËr ZLd gÖSËZ pËg pt cwkYwMZ hwËg MYZìè GLËdw xgKxmZ ptxd„ xK¹w ‘ciêxdkËeqZw’ËK MYZËìèk Rdø dt, gøgpwk Kkw pËâQ xhdí DË¥Ëmø„ gwvlwËbËm ciêxdkËeqZwk kwRdyxZ dwËi Ìj kwRdyxZk Pl Awikw ÌbxL, Zwk iÔl DË¥mø RdMËYk ciêxgmðwo, ovÆÚxZ I Awmw-AwKwáqwk xgËkwxcZw Kkw„ GËK pwxRk Kkw pËtËQ BolwËik xgkØ˦, BolwËik xgekyËZ„ oiwRËK Bolwieìÿy I BolwixgËkwcy xmxgËk hwM Kkgwk bkKwËk„ RRê gÖËmk eËqk kwRdyxZ ciêxdkËeqZwk GB ÌhbgÖx¦k Iek AwmÛt KËkB GLd ox¢ßt„ oìèwËok xgkØ˦ jÖ¦ Aaêwu Bolwi-eÞcwd Ìbm†Ëlwk RdMËYk xgkØ˦ jÖ˦k Aþè xpmwËg ciêxdkËeqZwËK gøgpwk Kkw pËâQ„
ciêxdkËeqZwk GB bÖB ekþekxgËkwcy cwkwËK Awikw opËRB xPdg jxb Awikw eÞmí Kxk, MYZwxìèK kwÄÛ xK ciêZË£òk xhx£ËZ AwËb# MVd Kkw oºg? RdMËYk BâQw I ovKùeB jxb kwËÄÛk xhx£ pt MYZìè iwËd jxb kwËÄÛk xhx£ ÌKwd Awoiwdy, Ñbg gw kpoøRdK mx£ß gw ciêZ£ò (theology) dw pËt awËK MYZìè jxb RdMËYk BâQw I ovKËùek Axhgøx£ß pt ZwpËl MYZËìèk gwBËk gwrxZ GKUw gøwewk xpmwËg ciêxdkËeqZwËK Awlwbw KËk glwk DË¥mø Ky? MYZwxìèK xPìæw-ÌPZdw ÌaËK Awlwbw ‘ciêxdkËeqZw’k GB cwkwËK xVKB MYZìèxgËkwcy cwkw xpmwËg RdMY mdw£ß KËk„ Adø xbËK BolwieìÿykwI GËK BolwixgËkwcy gw BolwËik bÖnid xpmwËg xPxpßZ KËk„ gwvlwËbËmk BxZpwo ÌaËK xgxâQdíhwËg ciêxdkËeqZwk Ìj kwRdyxZ MËr ÌZwlw pËtËQ ZwkB xgekyËZ þñwhwxgK KwkËYB Bolwxi kwRdyxZ ovNg¦ pËZ ÌeËkËQ„
RdMËYk BâQw I ovKùe MYxgËkwcy AMYZwxìèK kwËÄÛk xgkØ˦ lrwB, ovMÞwi, iÖx£ßjÖ¦ gw xgeöËgk icø xbËt þeÄ pËt IËV„ AMYZwxìèK ÌmÛYyk xgkØ˦ lrwB KkËZ xMËt RdMY ciêËK Zwk lrwB-ovMÞwËik oËŠ oŠxZeÔYê KËk gøwLøw KËk„ Zwk hÔxk hÔxk eÞiwY kËtËQ„ iIlwdw AwgbÖl pwxib Lwd hwowdyk kwRdyxZ G KwkËYB AZøìæ †kØZòeÔYê„ xZxd BolwËik Ìj gøwLøw pwxRk KËkËQd Zw MYiwdÖËnk BâQw I AwKwáqwk oËŠ oŠxZeÔYê„ fËl Z^wk kwRdyxZ xQl oxZøKwk AËaêB ciêxdkËeq„ Z^wk Bolwi ÂcÖ MYZwxìèK xPìæwËPZdwk xbK ÌaËKB xgeögy xQl dw, oiwR MVËdk ÌqË¢I BolwiËK AMÞok xPìæwËPZdw I ovÆÚxZ xgKwËmk ÌqË¢ xKhwËg MYiwdÖËnk þñwËaêk eËq b^wr KkwËZ pt, Zwk DbwpkY xZxd ÌkËL xMËtËQd„ gwvlwËbËm ‘ciêxdkËeqZw’ dwiK xgbøiwd kwRdyxZk Pki eÞxZmÞØxZmyl xbK jxb Awikw opËR gÖSËZ PwB ZwpËl iIlwdw AwgbÖl pwxib Lwd hwowdy Awk ÌmL iÖxRgÖk kpiwËdk kwRdyxZËK Awlwbw gw xgh£ß hwËg pwxRk Kkgwk iËcøB Awikw ÌoUw LÖ^ËR ewg„ Awiwk KawI ewVK opËR gÖSËgd„ hwowdyËK gwvlwËbËmk RdMËYk MËr IVwk BxZpwo ÌaËK xgxâQdí KËk gw Z^wËK gwvlwËbËmk kwRdyxZk ÌKëbÛyt Pxk¢ ÌaËK xdgêwxoZ KËk, xgþôÙxZk iËcø ÌVËl xbËt ciêxdkËeqZwk BolwixgËkwcy I eÞxZx¢ßtwmyl cwkw MËr DËVËQ„ GËK ÌiwKwxglw Kkw Qwrw gwvlwËbËmk ÌLËU LwItw ÌmwxnZ, lwx˜Z I xdjêwxZZ iwdÖËnk Awk ÌKwËdw MZøìæk AwËQ gËl Awxi iËd Kxk dw„ iIlwdwk eaB gwvlwËbËmk MYiwdÖËnk ciêxdkËeq kwRdyxZk ea„ RRê gÖËmk ‘ciêxdkËeqZw’ dt„
gwvlwËbËmk BxZpwo ÌaËK xgxâQdí KËk ciêxdkËeqZwk cwkYwxUËK MYiwdÖËnk xgkØ˦ gøgpwk Kkw pt„ ciêxdkËeqZwk oËŠ cËiêk oóeKê ÌM#Y, Gk oóeKê MYiwdÖËnk lrwB-ovMÞwi„ lrwB-ovMÞwËik icø xbËt iwdÖn jLd xdËRk BâQw I ovKùe oóeËKê ošwd I oËPZd pËt IËV ZLd ciê oóeËKêI iwdÖn ošwd I oËPZd pt, Zwk xgKÚZ, MYxgËkwcy, ciêwìc gw eÞxZx¢ßtwmyl gøgpwk eÞxZËkwc KËk„ iIlwdw hwowdyk kwRdyxZk qËtk oËŠ ciêxdkËeq kwRdyxZk qt pËtËQ„ xgekyËZ ÌmwnK ÌmÛYyk pwËZ ciêxdkËeqZwk gwvlwËbËmk oìèwËok xgkØ˦ jÖ˦ gøgpÕZ pËt PËlËQ„
AwItwiy lyËMk ÌoK×lwk eöwd
oRyg ItwËRb Rt AwItwiy lyËMk Rdø Ìj ÌoK×lwk gw ciêxdkËeq kwRdyxZk ‘exkKùedw’ xbËtËQd, Zwk oËŠ RRê gÖËmk oìèwoxgËkwcy jÖ˦k ÌKwdB fwkwK dwB„ AwItwiy lyËMk kwRÐdxZK hÓxiKwËK bxqY Gxmtwt iwxKêd jÖ¦ exkKùedwk Avm xpmwËg MËr ÌZwlwk exkKùedwB Awikw GLwËd ewB„
Ìj exkKùedwk eÞþæwg Kkw pËtËQ Zwk hÓxiKw xpmwËg ÌlLwxU bwxg KkËQ gwvlwËbm þñwcydZwk oit ÌaËKB GKxU ÌoK×lwk iÖoxli kwÄÛ xpmwËg MËr DËVËQ„ jxbI dwdwd AhÖø¤wd I ewùUw AhÖø¤wd pËtËQ ZgÖI gwkgwkB ÌoB ÌMwrwk RwtMwt gwvlwËbm eÞZøwgZêd Kkgwk ÌPÄw KËkËQ„ xKìç ‘Bolwieìÿy kwRdyxZk xbËK ¢ßim gwvlwËbËm Ìj ÌS^wK gwrËQ Zwk xPpß LÖgB þeÄ pËt DVËQ, Gk fËl gwvlwËbËm ciêxdkËeqZwk exg¢Zw xgdÄ pËâQ„’ (†kØZòwËkwe Awiwk)„ GUwB pËâQ, Rt I xoIhwË~wk xbK ÌaËK, xgeËbk Kaw„ AwItwiy lyËMk AwMwxi kwRdyxZ BolwËik xgkØ˦ iwxKêd oikdyxZk oËŠ jÖ£ß pËtB ÌiwKwxglw KkËZ pËg„ ÌoB exkKùedwB Z^wËbk ÌlLwt pwxRk Kkw pËtËQ„ glw pËâQ, BolwiB (Islamism) pËâQ gwvlwËbËmk ovxgcwd I Zwk ÌoK×lwk DewbwËdk eÞcwd xgeb„ AwMwxi AwVwËkw xWËo¹k ZwxkËL Ìj xdgêwPd pËZ jwËâQ, ÌoLwËd bÖB eÞcwd bl ZwËbk kwRdyxZËZ ÌK KËZwUw ‘Bolwi’ ÌimwËg ÌoUwB eÞZøq xgnt pËt DVËg„
ÌKd gwvlwËbËmk Bolwxi kwRdyxZ GËZw eÞgl pËt DVl? glw pËâQ, qiZwoydkw xdËRËbk Rdø Ìj ÑgcZw xdiêwY KËkËQ MZ bÖB gQËk kwRÐdxZK KwkËY RkØxk Agþÿwk AcyËd owixkK mwod glgu kwLwk Rdø Zwk qt pËtËQ„ GLd BolwËik xgekyËZ ‘ciêxdkËeqZw’ kqwk Dewt Ky? LÖgB ÌowRw : AwItwiy lyMËK RtjÖ£ß Kkw„ ÌKd? KwkY (ÌmL pwxodwk) AwItwiy lyMB ciêxdkËeqZwk GKiw¢ gwpK„ jxb xdgêwxPZ pt GKiw¢ AwItwiy lyMB BolwiËK ÌVxKËt xbËZ ewËk„ xKìç AwItwiy lyMËK ox¢ßthwËg BolwiËK ÌVKwgwk Rdø xKQÖ KwR KkËZ pËg„ AZGg xdgêwxPZ pËt GËo AwItwiy lyM Ky Ky KwR KkËg oRyg ItwËRb Rt BkwK I Ìo#xb Awkg ÌfkZ GKRd iwxKêd Ìodw KiêKZêwk oËŠ ÌoB exkKùedwB AwiwËbk ÌlLwxUËZ Ìem KËkËQd„ ÌjËpZ× Bolwi ÌVKwËdwk KwRxU owixkK pËZ gwcø ÌoB KwkËY IËtýU eËtëU owixkK xmqweÞxZÅwËdk owixkK hwËg oìèwoxgËkwcy KwR xdËt xjxd MËgnYw KkËQd, xZxd GB ÌlLwk GKRd ÌlLK„ AwItwiy lyËMk GB KiêexkKùedw KËZwU×K× gwþægwxtZ pËg Awikw GLdI Zw glËZ ewxk dw„ xKìç exkKùedwUw AwiwËbk Rwdw I ÌgwSw bkKwk„ ZËg iwxKêd owixkK exkKùedwk AcyËd AwMwiy xbËd AwItwiy lyËMk Ìj xdgêwPdy iøwxdËfËýUw gwþægwxtZ pËg ÌoUwB GKxU iÖoxli ÌbËm ÌoK×lwk mwod eÞxZÅw KkËZ ewËk„ xgËmðk Rdø ÌoUw pËg GKxU dxRk„
Bolwxi oìèwogwËbk xgkØ˦ AwItwiy lyËMk ciêxdkËeqZwgwby kwRdyxZ ÌZw AwËQB„ RËtk ÌlLw ÌoB kwRdyxZ xdËt dt„ dBËl Awikw GËZw Kaw LkP KkZwi dw„ AwItwiy lyËMk ÌoK×lwk eöwËdk Ìj dKmw Rt AwiwËbk xbËâQd, Zwk lqøgþç ÂcÖ ciêgwby bl gw Bolwxi oìèwo dt, GB exkKùedwk eÞcwd lqøgþç gwvlwËbm Ìodwgwxpdy„ Awk xVK GLwËdB Z^wk ÌlLwk †kØZò„ glw pËâQ :
'The Islamists cleverly began growing their numbers within the Army by training for the Army Entrance Exams at madrassas. This madrassa training was necessary because of the relative difficulty associated with passing these exams. The military is attractive because of both its respected status and its high employment opportunities in a country where unemployment ranges from 20 percent to 30 percent for younger males. High demand for military posts has resulted in an entrance exam designed to limit the number of recruits. Before this madrassa Entrance Exam campaign, only 5 percent of military recruits came from madrasses in 2001. By 2006, at the end of the BNP's reign, madrassas supplied nearly 35 percent of the Army recruits. In a country that has seen four military coup d'etats in its short 37 year history, the astronomical growth of Islamists in the military is troubling to say the least'.
AxhËjwM Kkw pËâQ PwlwxK KËk ÌodwgwxpdyËZ iwbÛwowk Qw¢kw XÖËK eËrËQ„ ÌKwd nrjìè KËk dt„ ÌodwgwxpdyËZ xdËtwM ewgwk Rdø Ìj ekyqw pt, ÌoB ekyqwk Rdø iwbÛwowk Qw¢kw xdËRËbk ÑZxk KËk„ iwbÛwowk Qw¢kw dwxK hwËlw Qw¢ pt dw gËl GËZwxbd ÂËd GËoËQ„ ÌbLw jwËâQ oÖËjwM ÌeËl Zwkw AdøËbk ÌU~w xbËZ ewËk„ iwbÛwowk Qw¢kw jxb Ìodwgwxpdyk xdcêwxkZ ekyqwt ewm KËk ZwpËl Awex£Uw KyËok? iwbÛwowk Qw¢ gËlB xK Awex£? Ìj oKl exkovLøwËdk ÌbItw pËtËQ KwËbk xpmwg KwËbk ovLøw Zwk ÌKwd Lgk dwB„ ÌKwd Duo gw ÌkfwËkëo ÌbItw pt xd„
oRyg ItwËRb Rt I Kwlê xoIhwË~w Ìodwgwxpdyk ÌhZk ÌaËK Bolwxi hÓZ Ky KËk ZwrwËgd Zwk GKxU exkKùedw pwxRk KËkËQd„
AwMwiy xKxþæËZ ÌoB xgnt I Adøwdø eÞoŠ xdËt AwËkw xKQÖ Kaw glg„
email : farhadmazhar@hotmail.com
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